LoRaWAN protocol empowers long-range wireless monitoring by leveraging the unique properties of LoRa (Long Range). This low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN) facilitates the deployment of sensors in diverse environments, from urban areas to remote locations. LoRaWAN nodes transmit data over extended

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a key technology for enabling the Internet of Things (IoT), facilitating data collection and monitoring across diverse applications. For battery-powered IoT deployments, extending the operational range of WSNs is crucial to minimize maintenance require

A emerging trend in environmental monitoring involves the deployment of remote sensor networks to collect crucial data on environmental parameters. LoRaWAN, a long-range, low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology, has emerged as a particularly attractive solution for this purpose due to its abi