LoRaWAN protocol empowers long-range wireless monitoring by leveraging the unique properties of LoRa (Long Range). This low-power, wide-area network (LPWAN) facilitates the deployment of sensors in diverse environments, from urban areas to remote locations. LoRaWAN nodes transmit data over extended distances using optimized modulation and spread sp

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have emerged as a key technology for enabling the Internet of Things (IoT), facilitating data collection and monitoring across diverse applications. For battery-powered IoT deployments, extending the operational range of WSNs is crucial to minimize maintenance requirements and coverage gaps. This necessitates the exp

A emerging trend in environmental monitoring involves the deployment of remote sensor networks to collect crucial data on environmental parameters. LoRaWAN, a long-range, low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technology, has emerged as a particularly attractive solution for this purpose due to its ability to support large sensor deployments with mini